Just a reminder that 2008 will be over in less than two weeks, and that means that your opportunity to reduce your 2008 taxes is coming to an end soon as well.  Most tax planning strategies must be implemented before the end of the year to reduce the current year’s taxes.  There are a few exceptions (funding your IRA for example), but for the most part, once the tax year is over, it’s too late to reduce your taxes for that year.

There have been many changes to the tax law this year so you may not even be aware of all the tax credits and deductions that you may qualify for.  Here are some tax planning strategies that you may be able to take advantage of before the year ends:

Real Estate Tax Deduction — New for 2008, there is an additional standard deduction for those who don’t itemize their deductions, but who pay real estate taxes. The additional deduction amount is equal to the amount of real estate taxes paid up to $500 for single filers or up to $1,000 for joint filers. This deduction is available for the 2008 and 2009 tax years and increases your standard deduction.

First-Time Homebuyers Tax Credit — First-time homebuyers may qualify for a new tax credit available for a limited time. The credit applies to primary home purchases between April 9, 2008, and June 30, 2009.  The credit is 10 percent of the purchase price of the home, with a maximum available credit of $7,500 for either a single taxpayer or a married couple filing jointly. This tax credit is more of a loan than a credit in that it must be paid back in equal payments over 15 years. First-time homebuyers are those who have not owned a home in the three years prior to a purchase.

Tuition and Fees Deduction — While this isn’t a new deduction, it was scheduled to expire in 2007 and was recently extended for 2008.  This deduction allows you to deduct qualified tuition and required enrollment fees up to $4,000 that you pay for yourself, your spouse or a dependent. You do not have to itemize to take this deduction. However, a taxpayer cannot take both the tuition and fees deduction and education credits (Hope & Lifetime Learning
Credits) for the same student in the same year. Income limits and other special rules apply to each of these provisions.

Educators’ Out of Pocket Expense Deduction — The educator expense deduction allows teachers and other educators to deduct the cost of books, supplies, equipment and software used in the classroom.  Eligible educators include those who work at least 900 hours during a school year as a teacher, instructor, counselor, principal or aide in a public or private elementary or secondary school. Worth up to $250, the educator expense deduction is available whether or not the educator itemizes deductions on Schedule A.

New Rules for “Cash” Charitable Contributions — Just a reminder that the rules for charitable donations have changed.  Since tax year 2007, to deduct any charitable donation of money, you must have a bank record, credit card statement or a written communication from the recipient showing the name of the organization and the date and amount of the contribution. In determining what may be deducted as a charitable contribution, see IRS Publication 526 for 2008 to be released in the near future.

Planning Your Income — Some taxpayers, such as the self-employed, may have some discretion regarding when they receive income. Properly deferring income until next year can lower your taxable income and tax bill this year. This strategy will, however, raise your tax bill next year. And many taxpayers also have some control over their income via the sale of investments to incur a gain or loss.  This is generally a key area of decision-making for investors. These decisions must be made and executed by Dec. 31 to be counted on a 2008 tax return.

Retirement Savings — While you have until April 15 to make contributions to your IRA for 2008, Dec. 31 is the deadline for contributions to a
401(k) plan and other employer sponsored retirement plans.

New children — If you had or adopted a child in 2008, you need to get a Social Security number for that child as soon as possible to ensure that you can include the child as a dependent on your 2008 return. Also, having or adopting a child in 2008 may mean you will receive a larger recovery rebate credit.  You can claim the higher rebate credit when you file your 2008 tax return.

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It’s hard to believe we’re almost at the end of the year already.  As I write this, there are only a few weeks left in 2008.

Most people probably aren’t thinking about taxes yet, but the time to do tax planning is before the year ends.  Once December 31 has passed, there’s very little you can do to help reduce your 2008 taxes.

The first step in tax planning is to determine where you are for the year.  Pull out last year’s tax return for a reference.  You also need your most current profit and loss statement, so if your books aren’t up to date, now’s the time to get caught up.

Compare your income and expenses to last year’s tax return.  Is your income up?  Do you have the same amount of deductions as last year?  If your income is up, or if your expenses were down, you may owe more taxes than you did last year.

If you are a small business owner you should be very familiar with estimated tax payments.  Have you paid in enough taxes to avoid the under-payment penalty?  The general rule of thumb is that if you expect to owe a balance due of $1,000 or more, after all of your payments (from withholding, tax credits, etc.), then you need to make estimated tax payments.

Once you have compared your current year income and deductions to last year’s tax return, where do you stand?  Do you have more taxable income this year?  If you do, then you can defer income or accelerate expenses to reduce your taxable income for the year.  Just remember, these strategies will likely increase your taxable income for the following year; your tax plan should be long-term, not just for the current year only.

Defer Income:  One way to reduce your current year taxes is to defer income.  If you are a small business owner, you have more control over this than wage earners do.  If you have accounts that you expect to bill in the last week or two of December, consider delaying your invoicing until the last few days of December or even the first few days of January.  Cash basis taxpayers report income when it’s received, so if you invoice a customer on December 28, and you don’t receive payment until January 2nd, then the income will be reported on the next year’s tax return instead of the current year.

Accelerate expenses:  Another way to reduce your taxes is to pay expenses ahead of time.  If you can see that your income is higher this year and you want to minimize your taxes, determine which expenses you can pre-pay before the end of the year to reduce your taxable income.  Some examples include your rent, insurance, utilities, or other invoices you receive at the end of the year that aren’t due until after December 31.  Also, consider stocking up on supplies, inventory, or other items you’ll need to purchase soon anyway.  Do you have any plans to upgrade your equipment or computers?  Consider doing those before the end of the year as well.

Another way to minimize your taxes is to fund your retirement account.  As a small business owner, you have a number of options including traditional IRAs, SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, or 401K plans.  Determine which plan is best for you and fund it before the due date (this is the one strategy that doesn’t have to be done before the end of the year).

This is just a basic guideline for year-end tax planning.  To determine the strategies best for you and your small business, discuss year-end tax planning with your tax professional.  But don’t wait too long… the year will be over before you know it!

Resources:

Tax Planning & Estimates
The New Biz Tax Consultation

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If you’re an online business owner, you’ve probably noticed a LOT of product launches this year.

Many of us are on a budget, and struggled with the decision to purchase a product, even if it was something we really needed to grow our business.

Well, don’t forget that ordinary and necessary business expenses – including courses that you take, or course materials that you purchase for your business – are tax deductible.  Keep in mind, it does need to be business related, but if it helps you learn your business, or if it helps you market your business, then it is probably a deductible expense.

Which means that the $400 product you’ve got your eye on may only cost you $250-350 after taxes, depending on what tax bracket you are in.

Let me give you an example: let’s say you are in the 15% tax bracket and you operate your business as a sole proprietor.  Your total tax percentage is approximately 35% (15% Federal tax + 15.3% self employment tax + 5% state income tax).

When you purchase an item for your business that is tax deductible, you’ll get approximately 35% back in tax deductions, meaning a $400 product will cost you only $260 after taxes.

So if you’re got your eye on a marketing course, or the latest and greatest product that is being launched, and you’re only objection is the price, don’t forget about the tax benefits of being a small business owner.  You may be able to afford that new info-product that’s being launched today after all

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Someone recently asked me what they could do now to make tax time easier for this upcoming tax season.

The best thing you can do is to think about taxes before then year ends.  Most people wait until the tax filing deadline before they ask how they can reduce their income taxes.  Unfortunately, once 2007 ends, there’s very little you can do to minimize your taxes for 2007. 

To start your tax planning, you should review your income, deductions and withholdings before the year ends.  Which means you need to get your bookkeeping caught up!  You should use a software program, such as QuickBooks, Quicken Home and Business, or spreadsheets to keep track of your income and expenses for your business.

Once you’re bookkeeping is caught up… do you expect your home business to have a profit or a loss this year? 

If you have a profit, here are some tax planning tips to help minimize your home business taxes this year:

1.  Defer your income.  If you have a home based business and it looks like you’ll have a good profit this year, consider invoicing your clients in January instead of December, to defer the income to next year.  Or, just wait until the end of December to send invoices.  Any money you receive in January will go on your 2008 tax return, not 2007. 

2.  Accelerate expenses.  Do you need to purchase any inventory?  What about supplies?  Does your computer need to be replaced?  If you’ve got a profit for 2007, consider purchasing inventory, supplies or other items that will need to be replaced soon this year to reduce your taxable profit. 

In addition, if you itemize your tax deductions, make sure you pay all mortgage payments, property tax, medical expenses, etc. this year, even if they aren’t due til next year, to help increase your tax deductions for this year.

3.  Contribute the maximum amount to retirement plans.  As a home based business owner, you have several retirement plans to choose from.  You can setup a traditional IRA, a SEP IRA, a Simple IRA, or even a 401K.  The maximum contribution amounts vary based on the retirement plan, but these plans allow contributions from $4,000 up to $44,000 per year.  Contributing to a retirement plan is a great way to maximize your retirement savings and to minimize your taxes at the same time.

4. Give to charity.  Although charitable donations don’t reduce your business income, they do reduce your taxable income if you itemize your deductions.  Gifts of cash or goods are a great way to help reduce your tax bill this year. 

On the flip side, if you expect a larger profit next year, or if you expect to jump into a higher tax bracket next year, it’s best to report as much income this year, and to defer as many expenses as possible til next year.

Either way, year end tax planning can really help minimize your taxes.  But you have to make it a point to review your taxes before the year ends.  Once 2007 is gone, so are your tax planning opportunities for 2007.

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If you have your own business, then you’re probably aware that the third quarter tax estimate is due very soon (Sept 17).

If you just started your business, you may not be aware of how tax estimates work.

Basically, in the United States, we operate on a pay-as-you-go tax
system.  That means you pay taxes as you earn income throughout the
year.

If you are an employee, you pay taxes through withholding.  If you
are self employed, you pay taxes by making estimated tax payments.

The general rule is that you must make estimated tax
payments if you expect to owe at least $1,000 in tax for the current
tax year, after subtracting your withholding and tax credits, AND if
you expect your withholding and tax credits to be less than the
smaller of:

• 90% of the tax liability on your current year
  tax return, or
• 100% of the tax liability on your prior year’s
  tax return

Generally, you will estimate your tax liability for
the entire year and divide that amount by four to determine your
quarterly estimated tax payments.

The due dates for quarterly estimated tax payments are April 15,
June 15, September 15 and January 15.  If the 15th falls on a weekend
or a holiday, the due date is the next business day.

It’s important to send the right amount in at the right time to avoid interest and penalties.

For help estimating your quarterly estimated tax payments, check out How to Pay Estimated Taxes, or contact Kristine for tax planning/estimates today.

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